In a landmark diplomatic achievement, Mauritius has officially reclaimed sovereignty over the Chagos Archipelago, ending more than five decades of British control. The historic agreement, signed on Thursday between the governments of Mauritius and the United Kingdom, marks a decisive victory for Mauritius in its long-standing dispute over the islands.
Prime Minister Navin Ramgoolam hailed the accord as a “great victory” and a pivotal milestone in the nation’s post-colonial journey. Speaking in a televised address, Ramgoolam emphasized the significance of the deal as the culmination of a struggle that has lasted over 60 years. “This marks one of the final chapters in Mauritius’s decolonization, which began with independence in 1968,” he said.
The agreement formally recognizes Mauritian sovereignty over the entire Chagos Archipelago, including Diego Garcia—the strategically important island leased to the United States for military use. Although sovereignty has been restored to Mauritius, the UK will retain operational control of Diego Garcia, with a military base to be maintained in partnership with the United States for an initial period of 99 years.
The origins of this dispute trace back to 1968 when Britain detached the Chagos Islands from Mauritius prior to independence, allowing the United States to establish a military base on Diego Garcia. This move led to the forced displacement of roughly 2,000 Chagossians, who have since fought legal battles for the right to return.
The tide began to turn in 2019 when the International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruled that Britain’s administration of the islands was unlawful and affirmed that the Chagos Archipelago belongs to Mauritius. Following this, formal negotiations were launched in 2022, culminating in Thursday’s agreement.
This development not only restores Mauritian territorial integrity but also offers renewed hope for the displaced Chagossian community. It stands as a testament to Mauritius’s perseverance and signals a broader commitment within the international community to uphold principles of sovereignty and decolonization.