The Nuer are one of the largest ethnic groups in South Sudan, primarily residing in the Greater Upper Nile region. Known for their rich pastoralist traditions, cattle-based economy, and deep cultural heritage, the Nuer have historically played a central role in the country’s social and political landscape.
However, since South Sudan gained independence in 2011, the Nuer community has been at the center of a national crisis marked by ethnic tensions and violent conflict. The civil war that erupted in December 2013, following political disputes between President Salva Kiir, a Dinka, and former Vice President Riek Machar, a Nuer, quickly took on an ethnic dimension. Widespread violence broke out, with atrocities committed against civilians on both sides, including targeted killings of Nuer people in the capital, Juba.
The conflict displaced millions and left deep scars within and between ethnic communities. Although peace agreements have been signed, implementation has been slow, and tensions remain fragile. The Nuer, along with other ethnic groups, continue to face insecurity, limited access to resources, and a lack of representation in national decision-making.
Human rights groups have called for accountability, reconciliation, and inclusive governance to address the root causes of the conflict. For the Nuer people, long-term peace depends not only on political stability but also on justice, healing, and equal opportunities in a unified South Sudan.