A deadly outbreak of Lassa fever has claimed over 80 lives across 11 states in Nigeria, according to the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC). Since January, 413 cases have been confirmed, with a fatality rate of 19.4 percent. Ondo State, located in southwestern Nigeria, is the hardest hit, accounting for 34 percent of all confirmed cases.
The outbreak has spread to 63 local government areas across the country, primarily affecting people aged 21 to 30. Slightly more men than women have been infected. The NCDC has identified poor health-seeking behavior, high treatment costs, and low awareness in affected communities as key challenges in controlling the spread of the disease.
In response, the NCDC has activated an incident management system to coordinate national efforts. Measures include training healthcare workers, enhancing surveillance, and tracking contacts of infected individuals. The agency is also distributing essential medical supplies, including personal protective equipment, Ribavirin (an antiviral drug), thermometers, and body bags. Community awareness campaigns are ongoing in high-risk areas.
Lassa fever is endemic to parts of West Africa and spreads through food or household items contaminated with urine or feces from infected Mastomys rats. Human-to-human transmission can occur through direct contact with bodily fluids of infected individuals. In 2024, Nigeria recorded 214 deaths from the disease, underscoring its persistent threat.
The NCDC is urging the public to take preventive measures such as improved rodent control, safe food storage, and enhanced hygiene practices. Healthcare workers are advised to use protective equipment. Public awareness campaigns are being intensified to educate communities about the risks and preventive measures.
With the death toll rising, Nigerian health officials are calling for public cooperation to contain the outbreak and prevent further fatalities.